2. DECISION SUMMARY

  1. Site Name, Location, and Description
  2. Site History and Summary of Enforcement Activities
  3. Highlights of Community Participation
  4. Scope and Role of Response Actions
  5. Site Characteristics
  6. Summary of Unremediated Site Risks
  7. Description of Remedial Alternatives
  8. Summary of the Comparative Analysis of Alternatives
  9. The Selected Remedies
  10. Statutory Determinations

2.1. Site Name, Location, and Description

LLNL is a multidisciplinary research facility owned by DOE and operated and managed by the Regents of the University of California under contract with DOE. LLNL is located at 7000 East Avenue in southeastern Alameda County, approximately 3 miles east of the downtown area of Livermore, California (Fig. 1). The LLNL site, including the adjacent buffer zone, comprises approximately 800 acres (Fig. 2). The site is heavily developed with large-scale experimental research and support facilities. About 223 storage tanks exist onsite, 46 of which are underground tanks that currently store hazardous materials. A stormwater drainage retention basin roughly 800 feet by 300 feet in size is situated near the center of LLNL. This basin was recently lined to prevent infiltration of ponded surface water.

The LLNL site land surface slopes approximately 1% to the northwest. Hills of the Diablo Range flank the site to the south and east. The site is underlain by several hundred feet of complexly interbedded alluvial and lacustrine sediments.

Ground water beneath the site is partly within the Spring and Mocho I hydrologic subbasins (DWR, 1974). Depth to ground water at the site varies from about 120 feet in the southeast corner to about 25 feet in the northwest corner. Ground water about 2 miles west of LLNL is used for municipal supply in downtown Livermore. Ground water about 1,000 feet south of East Avenue and about 1,000 feet west of Vasco Road and south of East Avenue is used for domestic and agricultural irrigation. Two intermittent streams, the Arroyo Seco and the Arroyo Las Positas, traverse the area (Fig. 2) and recharge the ground water system during wet periods.

Land immediately north of the LLNL site is zoned for industrial use. To the west, the land use is zoned for high-density urban use. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Livermore are located south of the site (Fig. 2) in an area zoned for industrial development. The area east of LLNL is zoned for agriculture and is currently used as pasture land [LLNL Remedial Investigation (RI), Thorpe et al., 1990].

As reported in the Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Environmental Impact Report for LLNL and Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore (DOE and University of California, 1992), no threatened or endangered species are present at the LLNL Livermore site. Wetlands are very limited at the Livermore site and consist of three small areas associated with culverts that channel runoff from the surrounding area into Arroyo Las Positas at the northern perimeter of the site (DOE and University of California, 1992).

2.2. Site History and Summary of Enforcement Activities
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October 1, 2007
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